The Rabat Social Studies Institute (RSSI) and Avocats Sans Frontières (ASF) present an in-depth study on corporate responsibility concerning human rights (CRHR) in Morocco, with a focus on the practices of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in agricultural and agri-food sectors. This analysis reveals the complex dynamics of power and responsibility that influence the protection of human rights in the world of work.
Varied practices and inadequate regulation
The results of the study highlight a wide diversity of corporate practices concerning human rights, making their assessment particularly complex. Some companies comply fully with their obligations, others ignore them, while a few go beyond legal requirements.
However, non-compliance, apparent compliance, and selective compliance with the law are major challenges for labour inspectors. A phrase coined during the study illustrates this reality: “The boss is the law”.
Systemic violations of social rights
The study also highlights recurring breaches of fundamental social rights:
- Unfair pay: Irregular and inadequate wages
- Health and safety: Dangerous working conditions and inadequate protection
- Trade union freedom: Discrimination and repression of trade union activities
Women workers are particularly affected by this discrimination, which is exacerbated by the precarious nature of informal work and the use of temporary employment agencies and subcontractors. Furthermore, the protection of local communities and the environment remain marginal priorities for companies, illustrating a limited approach to social and environmental responsibility.
Structural barriers to the protection of human rights
Despite occasional initiatives by certain leaders to promote human rights, these remain insufficient to effectively prevent and punish violations. Several structural factors explain this situation:
- No binding obligations: Human rights commitments are often based on voluntary initiatives.
- Crony capitalism: Alliances between economic and political elites are hampering the implementation of reforms.
- Insufficient work inspections: Lack of resources and qualified staff.
- Weakness of counter-powers: The fragmentation of the trade union movement and the dependence of civil society on public and international aid weaken the mechanisms for exerting pressure on companies.
Towards greater corporate responsibility
Improving corporate responsibility with regard to human rights requires a firm commitment from the State, companies and trade unions. It is imperative to:
- Strengthening the application of laws and international commitments.
- Encourage cooperation between government, trade unions and business to develop structural reforms.
- Fighting corruption and crony capitalism.
Respect for human rights cannot be based on voluntary initiatives alone. The adoption of binding measures and the establishment of genuine checks and balances are essential to guarantee the protection of the workers and communities concerned.
